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Attachment theory is a dominant theoretical framework guiding research on close relationships across the lifespan. Research on the role of attachment in family relationships, in particular, has been highly generative, resulting in a large empirical base spanning over five decades. In this chapter, we review evidence from the attachment literature addressing key questions in family relationships research including the developmental origins, legacy, and stability of children’s early relationships with parents. Evidence from meta-analytic and large-sample research reviewed in this chapter generally provides support for the key tenets of attachment theory as they pertain to early parent-child attachment relationships. However, throughout the chapter, we note important gaps in the current empirical base and offer suggestions for future research. In addition, we discuss how greater connection between different perspectives and approaches to studying close relationships can advance understanding of the role of attachment in family, as well as romantic, relationships.